【问答题】  牡丹(peony)花色艳丽，形象高雅，象征着和平与繁荣，因而在中国被称为“花中之王”。中国许多地方都培育和种植牡丹。千百年来，创作了许多诗歌和绘画赞美牡丹。唐代时期，牡丹在皇家园林普遍种植并被誉为国花，因而特别风行。十世纪时，洛阳古城成为牡丹栽培中心，而且这一地位一直保持到今天。现在，成千上万的国内外游客蜂拥到洛阳参加一年一度的牡丹节，欣赏洛阳牡丹的独特之美，同时探索九朝古都的历史。

【问答题】 A) Have young people never had it so good? Or do they face more challenges than any previous generation? Our current era in the West is one of high wealth. This means minors enjoy material benefits and legal protections that would have been the envy of those living in the past. But There is an increasing suspicion that all is not well for our youth. And one of the most popular explanations, among some experts and the popular media, is that excessive "screen time" is to blame. (This refers to all the attention young people devote to their phones, tablets and laptops.) However, this is a contentious theory and such claims have been treated skeptically by some scholars based on their reading of the relevant data.

【问答题】 When considering risk factors associated with serious chronic diseases, we often think about health indicators such as cholesterol, blood pressure, and body weight. But poor diet and physical inactivity also each increase the risk of heart disease and have a role to play in the development of some cancers. Perhaps worse, the __26__ effects of an unhealthy diet and insufficient exercise are not limited to your body. Recent research has also shown that __27__ in a high-fat and high-sugar diet may have negative effects on your brain, causing learning and memory __28__.

【问答题】 Here's how the Pacific Northwest is preparing for "The Big One". It's the mother of all disaster drills for what could be the worst disaster in American history. California has spent years preparing for "The Big One" -- the inevitable earthquake that will undoubtedly unleash all kinds of havoc along the famous San Andreas fault (断层). But what if the fault that runs along the Pacific Northwest delivers a gigantic earthquake of its own? If the people of the Cascadia region have anything to do with it, they won't be caught unawares.

【问答题】 "The dangerous thing about lying is people don't understand how the act changes us," says Dan Ariely, behavioral psychologist at Duke University. Psychologists have documented children lying as early as the age of two. Some experts even consider lying a developmental milestone, like crawling and walking, because it requires sophisticated planning, attention and the ability to see a situation from someone else's perspective to manipulate them. But, for most people, lying gets limited as we develop a sense of morality and the ability to self-regulate.

【问答题】 Industrial fishing for krill(磷虾) in the unspoilt waters around Antarctica is threatening the future of one of the world's last great wildernesses, according to a new report.

【问答题】 Last year, a child was born at a hospital in the UK with her heart outside her body. Few babies survive this rare condition, and those who do must endure numerous operations and are likely to have complex needs. When her mother was interviewed, three weeks after her daughter's birth, she was asked if she was prepared for what might be a daunting (令人生畏的) task caring for her. She answered without hesitation that, as far as she was concerned, this would be a "privilege".

【问答题】 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of having a sense of social responsibility. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

【问答题】 梅花(plum blossom)位居中国十大名花之首，源于中国南方，已有三千多年的栽培和种植历史。隆冬时节，五颜六色的梅花不畏严寒，迎着风雪傲然绽放。在中国传统文化中，梅花象征着坚强、纯洁、高雅、激励人们不畏艰难、砥砺前行。自古以来，许多诗人和画家从梅花中获取灵感，创作了无数不朽的作品。普通大众也都喜爱梅花，春节期间常用于家庭装饰。南京市已将梅花定为市花，每年举办梅花节，成千上万的人冒着严寒到梅花山踏雪赏梅。

【问答题】 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of having a sense of family responsibility. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

【问答题】 荷花(lotus flower)是中国的名花之一，深受人们喜爱。中国许多地方的湖泊和池塘都适宜荷花生长。荷花色彩鲜艳，夏日清晨绽放，夜晚闭合，花期长达两三个月，吸引来自各地的游客前往观赏。荷花具有多种功能，既能绿化水面，又能美化庭园，还可净化水质、减少污染、改善环境。荷花迎骄阳而不惧，出污泥而不染，象征纯洁、高雅，常来比喻人的高尚品德，历来是诗人画家创作的重要题材。荷花盛开的地方也是许多摄影爱好者经常光顾之地。

【问答题】 A) The marketing is tempting: Get stronger muscles and healthier bodies with minimal effort by adding protein powder to your morning shake or juice drink. Or grab a protein bar at lunch or for a quick snack. Today, you can find protein supplements everywhere -- online or at the pharmacy, grocery store or health food store. They come in powders, pills and bars. With more than $12 billion in sales this year, the industry is booming and, according to the market research company, Grand View Research, is on track to sell billions more by 2025. But do we really need all this supplemental protein? It depends. There are pros, cons and some other things to consider.

【问答题】 The persistent haze over many of our cities is a reminder of the polluted air that we breathe. Over 80% of the world's urban population is breathing air that fails to meet World Health Organisation guidelines, and an estimated 4.5 million people died __26__ from outdoor air pollution in 2015.

【问答题】 A) Though he didn't come from a farming family, from a young age Tim Joseph was fascinated by the idea of living off the land. Reading magazines like The Stockman Grass Farmer and Graze, he got hooked on the idea of grass-fed agriculture. The idea that all energy and wealth comes from the sun really intrigued him. He thought the shorter the distance between the sun and the end product, the higher the profit to the farmer.

【问答题】 The number of devices you can talk to is multiplying -- first it was your phone, then your cat, and now you can tell your kitchen appliances what to do. But even without gadgets that understand our spoken commands, research suggests that, as bizarre is it sounds, under certain __26__ people regularly ascribe human traits to everyday objects.

【问答题】 Rising temperatures and overfishing in the pristine(未受污染的) waters around the Antarctic could see king penguin populations pushed to the brink of extinction by the end of the century, according to a new study. The study's report states that as global warming transforms the environment in the world's last great wilderness, 70 percent of king penguins could either disappear or be forced to find new breeding grounds.

【问答题】 Schools are not just a microcosm (缩影) of society; they mediate it too. The best seek to alleviate the external pressures on their pupils while equipping them better to understand and handle the world outside -- at once sheltering them and broadening their horizons. This is ambitious in any circumstances, and in a divided and unequal society the two ideals can clash outright(直接地).

【问答题】 [A] Notre Dame Cathedral in the heart of Paris was within “15 to 30 minutes’ of complete destruction as firefighters battled to stop flames reaching its bell towers on Monday evening, French authorities have revealed. A GREater disaster was averted by members of the Paris fire brigade, who risked their lives to remain inside the burning monument to create a wall of water between the raging fire and the two towers on the west of the building.

【问答题】 Nicola Sturgeon's speech last Tuesday setting out the Scottish government's legislativeprogramme for the year ahead confirmed what was already pretty clear. Scottish councils are settobe the first in the UK with the power to levy charges on visitors，with Edinburgh likely to lead theway.

【问答题】 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of having a sense of community respousibility. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

【问答题】 The car has reshaped our cities. It seems to offer autonomy for everyone. There is something almost delightful in the detachment from reality of advertisements showing mass-produced cars, marketed as symbols of individuality and of freedom when most of their lives will be spent making short journeys on choked roads.

【问答题】 in this setion， there is apassage wtih ten banks. You are required to select one words for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choices in the bank is identified by a letter.Plaease mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. 

【问答题】 l'm always baffled when I walk into a pharmacy and see shelves bursting withvarious vitamins，extracts and other supplements,all promising to accelerate orpromote weight loss.Aisles of marketing genius belie(掩饰) the fact that,26weight loss is dictated by the laws of arithmetic.Economist Jessica Irvine wrote abook about how she used math to help her lose more than 18 kilograms. If caloriestaken in are less than calories _27_，weight shall be lost，and so it is withmoney.

【问答题】 Humans are fascinated by the source of their failings and virtues. This preoccupationinevitably leads to an old debate: whether nature or nurture noulds us more. A revolution ingenetics has poised this as a moderm politicalquestion about the character of our society: ifpersonalities are hard-wired into our genes, what can governments do to help us? It feels morallyquestionable,yet claims of genetic selection by irntelligence are making headlines.

【问答题】 How Marconi Gave Us the Wireless World

【问答题】 Section B 

【问答题】 Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

【问答题】 We often think of drawing as something that takes inborn talent, but this kind of thinking stemsfrom our misclassification of drawing as, primarily, an art form rather than a tool for learning.

【问答题】 Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C)and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.  

【问答题】 We often think of drawing as something that takes inborntalent, but this kind of thinking stems from our misclassifi-cation of drawing as, primarily, an art form rather than atool for learning.Researchers, teachers, and artists are starting to see howdrawing can positively impact a wide variety of skills anddisciplines.

【问答题】 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 mimites to writean essay based on the chart below.You should start your essaywith a brief description of the chart and comment on China'sachievements in higher education. You should write at least150 words but no more than 200 words.

【问答题】 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 mimites to writean essay based on the chart below.You should start your essaywith a brief description of the chart and comment on China'sachievements in poverty alleviation. You should write at least150 words but no more than 20o words.

【问答题】 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 mimites to writean essay based on the graph below. You should start youressay with a brief description of the graph and comment onChina's achievements in urbanization. You should write atleast 150 words but no more than 200 words.

【问答题】 海南是仅次于台湾的中国第二大岛，是位于中国最南端的省份。海南岛风景秀丽，气候宜人，阳光充足，生物多样，温泉密布，海水清澈，大部分海滩几乎全年都是游泳和日光浴的理想场所，因而被誉为中国的四季花园和度假胜地，每年都吸引了大批中外游客。海南1988年建省以来，旅游业、服务业、高新技术产业飞速发展，是中国唯一的省级经济特区。在中央政府和全国人民的大力支持下，海南将建成中国最大的自由贸易试验区。

【问答题】 云南是位于中国西南的一个省，平均海拔1500米。云南历史悠久，风景秀丽，气候宜人。云南生态环境优越，生物多种多样，被誉为野生动植物的天堂。云南还有多种矿藏和充足的水资源，为全省经济的可持续发展提供了有利条件。 云南居住着25个少数民族，他们大多有自己的语言习俗和宗教。云南独特的自然景色和丰富的民族文化使其成为中国最受欢迎的旅游目的地之一，每年都吸引着大批国内外游客前往观光旅游。

【问答题】 青海是中国西北部的一个省份，平均海拔3千米以上，大部分地区为高山和高原。青海省得名于全国最大的咸水湖青海湖。青海湖被誉为“中国最美的湖泊”，是最受欢迎的旅游景点之一，也是摄影师和艺术家的天堂。青海山川壮丽，地大物博。石油和天然气储量丰富，省内许多城市的经济在石油和天然气工业带动下得到了长足发展。青海尤以水资源丰富而闻名，是中国三大河流长江、黄河和澜沧江的发源地，在中国的水生态中发挥着重要作用。

【填空题】 不等式组x＋4＞0x－8＜2的解集是______．

血浆中胆固醇与载脂蛋白 apoB-100 结合形成低密度脂蛋白（LDL）， LDL 通过与细胞表面受体结合， 将胆固醇运输到细胞内， 从而降低血浆中胆固醇含量。 PCSK9基因可以发生多种类型的突变， 当突变使 PCSK9 蛋白活性增强时， 会增加 LDL受体在溶酶体中的降解，导致细胞表面 LDL受体减少。 下列叙述错误的是（ ）

有研究报道， 某地区近 40 年内森林脊椎动物种群数量减少了 80. 9%。 该时段内， 农业和城镇建设用地不断增加， 挤占和蚕食自然生态空间， 致使森林生态系统破碎化程度增加。下列叙述正确的是（ ）

满怀深情的歌声“唱支山歌给党听”从教室内传出，江老师隔着墙便能判断出是小华在唱歌，其依据是声音的（)

小华在家学做菜，厨房里菜香四溢，这个现象说明(）

某国家男性中不同人群肺癌死亡累积风险如图所示。 下列叙述错误的是（ ）

有些人的性染色体组成为 XY， 其外貌与正常女性一样， 但无生育能力， 原因是其 X 染色体上有一个隐性致病基因 a， 而 Y 染色体上没有相应的等位基因。 某女性化患者的家系图谱如图所示。 下列叙述错误的是（ ）

油菜是我国重要的油料作物， 油菜株高适当的降低对抗倒伏及机械化收割均有重要意义。 某研究小组利用纯种高秆甘蓝型油菜 Z， 通过诱变培育出一个纯种半矮秆突变体 S。 为了阐明半矮秆突变体 S 是由几对基因控制、 显隐性等遗传机制， 研究人员进行了相关试验，如图所示

金鱼系野生鲫鱼经长期人工选育而成， 是中国古代劳动人民智慧的结晶。 现有形态多样、品种繁多的金鱼品系。 自然状态下， 金鱼能与野生鲫鱼杂交产生可育后代。 下列叙述错误的是（ ）

【判断题】 圆心角是60°的扇形比圆心角是50°的扇形面积大（）

【判断题】 从一盒糖中拿出3块，是这盒糖的1/4，这盒糖共有12块（）

如图,已知抛物线y=ax²+br+c的对称轴在y轴右侧,抛物线与x轴交于点A(-2.0)和点B.与y轴的负半轴交于点C.且OB = 20C.则下列结论:

【判断题】 从学校到体育馆，如果甲走20分，乙走19分，那么甲和乙每分所行的路程的比是20: 19（）

【判断题】 2021年5月30日，天舟二号货运飞船与天和核心舱实现自主快速交会对接。对接过程运用北斗系统完成远距离自主快速测定轨， 其间信息的传递是依靠______实现的。 天舟二号与天和核心舱形成结合体后一起运行， 以天和核心舱为参照物， 天舟二号是______的。

【判断题】 太极拳是我国的传统运动项目， 其刚柔并济、 行云流水般的动作是通过神经系统对肢体和躯干各肌群的精巧调控及各肌群间相互协调而完成。 如“白鹤亮翅” 招式中的伸肘动作， 伸肌收缩的同时屈肌舒张。如图为伸肘时动作在脊髓水平反射弧基本结构的示意图。

【判断题】 抽样检验一种商品，150件全部合格，这种商品的合格率是150%.（）

【判断题】 电熨斗熨衣服是通过______的方式改变内能， 提高衣服和其中水的温度。 穿上熨好的衣服照镜子时， 平面镜中的像与人大小______。

【判断题】 保卫细胞吸水膨胀使植物气孔张开。 适宜条件下， 制作紫鸭跖草叶片下表皮临时装片， 观察蔗糖溶液对气孔开闭的影响， 如图为操作及观察结果示意图。 下列叙述错误的是（ ）

【判断题】 乙烯可促进香焦果皮逐渐变黄、 果肉逐渐变甜变软的成熟过程。 同学们去香蕉种植合作社开展研学活动， 以乙烯利溶液为处理剂， 研究乙烯对香蕉的催熟过程， 设计的技术路线如下图， 下列分析正确的是（ ）

【判断题】 人体缺乏尿酸氧化酶， 导致体内嘌呤分解代谢的终产物是尿酸（存在形式为尿酸盐）。 尿酸盐经肾小球滤过后， 部分被肾小管细胞膜上具有尿酸盐转运功能的蛋白 URATL 和 GLUT9 重吸收， 最终回到血液。 尿酸盐重吸收过量会导致高尿酸血症或痛风。目前， E 是针对上述蛋白治疗高尿酸血症或痛风的常用临床药物。为研发新的药物， 研究人员对天然化合物 F的降尿酸作用进行了研究。 给正常实验大鼠（有尿酸氧化酶）灌服尿酸氧化酶抑制剂， 获得了若干只高尿酸血症大鼠， 并将其随机分成数量相等的两组， 一组设为模型组， 另一组灌服 F设为治疗组， 一段时间后检测相关指标， 结果见下图。

【判断题】 果蝇众多的突变品系为研究基因与性状的关系提供了重要的材料。 摩尔根等人选育出 M-5 品系并创立了基于该品系的突变检测技术， 可通过观察 F 1 和 F 2 代的性状及比例， 检测出未知基因突变的类型（如显/隐性、 是否致死等）， 确定该突变基因与可见性状的关系及其所在的染色体。 回答下列问题：

【判断题】 白菜型油菜（2n=20） 的种子可以榨取食用油（菜籽油）， 为了培育高产新品种， 科学家诱导该油菜受未受精的卵细胞发育形成完整植株 Bc。 下列叙述错误的是（）

【问答题】 根据下图填空：

【判断题】 与野生型拟南芥 WT 相比， 突变体 t 1 和 t 2 在正常光照条件下， 叶绿体在叶肉细胞中的分布及位置不同（图1 示意图）， 造成叶绿体相对受光面积的不同（图 2）， 进而引起光合速率差异， 但叶绿素含量及其它性状基本一致。 在不考虑叶绿体运动的前提下， 下列叙述错误的是（ ）